colon cancer treatment
Colon cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the colon.
The colon  is part of the body’s digestive system. The digestive system removes and processes nutrients  (vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water) from foods and helps pass waste material out of the body. The digestive system is made up of the esophagus, stomach, and the small  and large intestines. The first 6 feet of the large intestine are called the large bowel  or colon. The last 6 inches are the rectum  and the anal canal. The anal canal ends at the anus  (the opening of the large intestine to the outside of the body).
Age and health history can affect the risk of developing colon cancer.
Risk factors include the following:
·                 Age 50 or older.
·                 A family history of cancer  of the colon  or rectum.
·                 A personal history of cancer of the colon, rectum, ovary, endometrium, or breast.
·                 A history of polyps  in the colon.
·                 A history of ulcerative colitis  (ulcers in the lining of the large intestine) or Crohn's disease.
·                 Certain hereditary  conditions, such as familial adenomatous polyposis  and hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer  (HNPCC; Lynch Syndrome).
Possible signs of colon cancer include a change in bowel habits or blood in the stool.
These and other symptoms  may be caused by colon cancer. Other conditions may cause the same symptoms. A doctor should be consulted if any of the following problems occur:
·                 A change in bowel habits.
·                 Blood  (either bright red or very dark) in the stool.
·                 Diarrhea, constipation, or feeling that the bowel does not empty completely.
·                 Stools that are narrower than usual.
·                 Frequent gas pains, bloating, fullness, or cramps.
·                 Weight loss for no known reason.
·                 Feeling very tired.
·                 Vomiting.
Tests that examine the rectum, rectal tissue, and blood are used to detect (find) and diagnose colon cancer.
The following tests and procedures may be used:
·                 Physical exam and history: An exam of the body to check general signs of health, including checking for signs of disease, such as lumps or anything else that seems unusual. A history of the patient’s health habits and past illnesses and treatments will also be taken.